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Crate training is an often misunderstood dog training technique. While some pet owners might initially perceive it as cruel or confining, when appropriately executed, crate training offers a multitude of benefits for both the dog and their owner. In this blog post, we'll discuss what crate training is, why it’s important, and provide tips for training your pup to love their crate, making it a part of a comfortable and safe home environment.
What is Crate Training, and Why is it Important?
What is Crate Training? Crate training is the act of teaching your dog to be comfortable with being confined to their kennel for various lengths of time.
Why It’s Important:
Safety: A crate-trained dog can use it as a safe space to relax while you’re not around. Crating a dog helps prevent them from potential household hazards like electrical cords, toxic plants, or foods while unsupervised.
Housebreaking: Dogs and puppies don’t want to soil their sleeping areas. Especially when training puppies, a crate can help establish a routine and expedite the housebreaking process. Read more on housebreaking tips here.
Travel: Dogs that are comfortable in crates are easier to travel with, whether by car or plane. Crate-trained dogs who must be moved due to an emergency (i.e., moved from the house to a shelter, etc.) will also be easier to manage.
Peaceful Retreat: Dogs, like humans, sometimes need a place of their own to relax. A crate can be that peaceful spot for them. This can be especially helpful if your dog is sensitive to loud noises or external stimuli.
Vet Visits and Convalescence: If your dog ever needs to be confined for medical reasons, being accustomed to a crate can reduce stress during an already stressful time.
Best Practices: Crate Training a Puppy
Choose the Right Crate Size: Your puppy should be able to stand, turn around, and lie down comfortably. As they grow, ensure the crate size is adjusted accordingly. Be careful not to purchase a crate that’s too big for your puppy, as they will be able to soil the crate and still comfortably lie down, which can hinder any process you try to make potty training them.
Introduce Slowly: When starting to crate train, place the crate in a common area with the door open. Add soft bedding and particular “crate time only” toys to make it appealing. You can even put treats in the crate to encourage interest. Then, let your puppy explore the kennel on its own.
Feed Meals in the Crate: Begin feeding your puppy inside the crate with the door closed. This associates positive experiences with the crate.
Practice Short Crating Sessions: Introduce short crating sessions once your puppy is comfortable eating inside the crate. Use a command like "crate" or "bed,” offer a treat, and close the door. Start with a few minutes and gradually increase the duration. When first starting crate training, the general rule of thumb is that your puppy can be left alone for a maximum of one hour per month of age. This should stop at around 6 – 8 months because extended crating is not recommended for any age or breed. Discuss this technique with your veterinarian or trainer for additional guidance.
Nighttime Crating: Place the crate in your bedroom at night. Puppies often find comfort in knowing you’re nearby. Be prepared for some whining; however, ensure it's not due to the need for a bathroom break. If your puppy cries in the middle of the night and you believe it’s for a bathroom break, ensure you take them out for that specific reason and do not play or offer other forms of interaction that may disrupt the training. Learn more on this strategy and more here.
Avoid Using the Crate as Punishment: Never use the crate as a form of punishment. This can foster negative associations. Remember that negative reinforcement does not work as a training tactic and should only be a last resort.
Consistency is Key: Be consistent in your routine, as this helps the puppy know what to expect.
Crate Training an Adult Dog
Crate training an adult dog follows a similar process as with puppies, but with a few minor tweaks:
Choose the Right Crate Size: An adult dog should also have a spacious crate for comfort but cozy enough to feel secure.
Introduce Gradually: Some adult dogs might be more apprehensive about a crate, especially if they've never seen one. Place treats, toys, and bedding inside and let them explore. Reward any interest shown toward the crate.
Increase Crate Time Gradually: Start with short durations and gradually increase. Always reward your dog for entering and remaining calm inside.
Feeding: As with puppies, feed your adult dog in their crate to build positive associations.
Consistency: Maintain a regular crating routine. This helps in reducing anxiety.
Address Any Anxiety: If an adult dog shows signs of anxiety, like whining or scratching, it's essential to address this. Go back a step in your training, reduce crate time, or consult a professional for guidance.
Tips for Success
Exercise First: A tired dog is less likely to be anxious. Ensure they've had adequate exercise before a crating session, including both physical and mental exercise, if possible.
Safe Toys: Leave durable toys like a Kong filled with peanut butter to keep them occupied. Ensure the toys left in a crate are not a choking hazard or at risk of harming your dog while unsupervised. Additionally, it can be helpful to designate a unique, high-value toy specifically for crate time to build positive associations.
Keep it Positive: Always use positive reinforcement when crate training. Treats, praises, and affection go a long way in building positive associations with the kennel.
Cover the Crate: Some dogs find comfort in a covered crate, which feels more den-like. Use a light blanket or crate cover.
Location Matters: Keep the crate in a quiet yet familiar area so the dog doesn’t feel isolated.
Conclusion
In conclusion, when done correctly, crate training can provide immense benefits. Whether you have a curious puppy or a mature dog, positively introducing a crate can lead to a harmonious relationship between you and your four-legged friend.
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